Multifloral jasmine (Jasminum polyanthum)
Jasmine, with its intoxicating aroma, can only compete with hyacinth, but, unlike it, it is a long-lasting houseplant. Flowering lasts for more than one week due to the sequential opening of flowers in inflorescences.
It should be said that we are talking about real jasmine, and not about garden mock orange, which we usually call jasmine due to its similar aroma.
In indoor culture, the most common are multifloral jasmine (Jasminum polyanthum) and jasmine sambac (Jasminum sambac), and a number of other species are also occasionally found. These are spreading shrubs or liana-like plants that are grown on a support or as hanging plants. They are good in winter gardens and greenhouses for winter coolness.
Before acquiring jasmine, think about whether you can provide the plant with a cool winter dormant period, because without it the plant will lose its main advantage - fragrant flowering.
Choosing the optimal site for planting
Fluffy, crown or small-leaved jasmine can often be found in country gardens and cottages. In prevailing cases, jasmine is planted in the spring season, regardless of which subspecies has been chosen at the moment.
For healthy growth and formation of the plant, you should familiarize yourself with the main rules for planting and maintaining it:
- For rich flowering and impressive appearance, jasmine should be planted in a place protected from drafts, as they adversely affect the growth of this shrub. For jasmine, a well-lit place with plenty of direct sunlight will be more suitable.
- This shrub is best planted among flowers that are lilac or bright blue. For example, next to lavender or spur, jasmine will look very harmonious.
- Experts advise planting in the spring, however, this process can be done in the fall.
Types and varieties
Today, several varieties of jasmine are suitable for indoor growing. They have some differences, which include flowering, but have much in common in the structure of the bush, the type of shoots and leaves. Let's take a closer look at the popular varieties of indoor jasmine :
- Large-flowered is the most unpretentious species. Blooms well indoors. Its height is up to ten meters. Grows with large flowers and small leaves. On the southern side of Russia, it can be grown in open ground.
- Multi-flowered is a plant that is picky about moisture. Curly. It blooms with small flowers that look like stars. Requires stem pruning, especially after flowering.
- Holoflorous is a shrub whose stems spread along the ground. Its flowers are yellow. It begins to bloom in winter after the leaves fall. Growth can be negatively affected by sudden changes in temperature. This species has large yellow flowers. Grown throughout the country.
- Madagascar is a home flower. It is very tender and should therefore only be grown indoors. Loves the sunny side. If the juice from such a plant gets on the human body, it can cause irritation.
- Sambac - its stem is long and flexible. The flower itself is white and double. This species can be called tropical. Its leaves are used to make tea.
- Terry Minnesota Snowflake is in demand for gardeners. Its stems are long, and the flower itself is white and double. Reaches a diameter of up to three centimeters. Produces a delicate aroma. It can reach up to two meters in height.
- Starbright - the flower has a large appearance. The stem is long and its base has a purple tint. Has no preference for soil. Preferably grows in full sun. White. Does not require special care.
Correct disembarkation process
For the best growth of jasmine, it is necessary not only to carefully select the soil, but also to the planting process itself.
The photo shows the step-by-step procedure for planting it correctly:
- And although the shrub can grow successfully in any soil, it is better to choose soil that contains nutrients.
- Since the roots respond negatively to excess moisture, the plot of land that is located on a slight elevation should be chosen.
- Then you need to pour sand mixed with small pebbles into the hole. This layer will act as drainage. In the spring, you can add 40 g of nitrophosphate to the hole so that the plant grows faster.
- After planting the bush and compacting the soil, the plant is watered.
What does an exotic plant need for active growth?
All types of indoor jasmine have special requirements for cultivation, but the plant rewards systematic care with an amazing aroma and prolific flowering. House flowers require diffused lighting. In direct sunlight, the buds will not have time to open and bloom; with a lack of sun, the plant will be weak. The optimal place for placement in an apartment is a western or eastern window. You can place the flowerpot on the south window, but be sure to provide shading. On the north side, the plant will experience a lack of light. A similar rule applies to red poinsettia, which is valued by gardeners for its bright bracts that delight the eye during the New Year holidays.
Jasmine Bisa
Knowing how to care for jasmine, you don’t have to worry about flowering. In order for amazing flowers to appear every year, you need to give the plant the opportunity to feel the change of seasons. The optimal summer temperature in the room should be between +18 and +25 °C degrees. In winter, it is reduced to +10 or +15 °C, placing the decorative resident on an insulated balcony or on the floor near the balcony door. Thanks to the change of regime, the plant will rest and prepare for active spring flowering.
Watering is a regular procedure. Jasmine needs a lot of moisture. Each subsequent watering is carried out as the top layer of soil in the pot dries out. The water should be warm and soft, it is advisable to leave it for 1-2 days. If the lime content is high, it is acidified by adding a couple of drops of citric or acetic acid per 1 liter of water. In winter, the amount of liquid added is reduced by 2 times.
On hot days, it is recommended to spray the indoor flower and take it out into the fresh air. Daily spraying of foliage in warm rooms protects the crown from spider mite invasion.
Fertilizers for flowering plants are applied every 7-10 days. Feeding is carried out from the beginning of spring, when the flower wakes up, until autumn.
Rules for pruning and rooting cuttings
Jasmine is pruned at the beginning of each spring to actively build up green mass. Pruning allows you to make the bush more branchy. Buds will appear on new shoots this year.
Trimming rules:
- All elongated, twisted and dried shoots are removed completely, all others are shortened by 40-60%.
Liana on a support - To increase bushiness, it is recommended to pinch the shoots monthly. The procedure is carried out from spring to autumn. The length of the shoots after pinching is 50-60 cm.
- If the branches have grown by more than 1 m during the season, they are pruned after flowering has ended.
- If jasmine blooms in winter, then the main cutting occurs at the beginning of autumn. Some varieties require a special approach. So, jasmine Sambac is shortened 2 or 3 times a year, but not much.
After cutting, there are usually many cuttings left, some of which can be selected for rooting. Blanks 10-15 cm long are selected from the upper part of mature branches. Each cutting should have 2-3 internodes. Rooting successfully takes place in water and substrate (sand with leaf soil 1:1). Favorable temperature for root formation is + 20 °C. New leaves begin to appear after 1-1.5 months.
When and how to replant?
A young flower must be replanted annually, adult plants are moved to a new pot every 2-3 years. The container should be 2-3 cm wider than the previous one. The soil for replanting is prepared from clay-deciduous, deciduous soil and sand, taken in equal proportions. It is not forbidden to add a little peat. For adult specimens, an increase in clay-deciduous soil to 2 parts is required.
The optimal time to change the pot is the end of flowering. When transplanting, the root collar is left at soil level, otherwise the plant will hurt. The bush cannot be immediately exposed to direct sunlight; it is sent to a shaded place for a week. After moving, watering and spraying with soft water will help you adapt faster. Some vines will require support. The stem is carefully wrapped around the structure and tied with twine.
Video with growing rules.
Why doesn't jasmine bloom?
Considering the increased requirements for living conditions, the reasons for the lack of flowering should be sought in improperly organized care:
- lack of light;
- direct sunlight on the plant;
- lack of moisture, the soil dries out;
- excess water, too hard water;
- it’s too hot or too cold in the room where the jasmine is;
- slightly acidic soil reaction - if the substrate is not prepared correctly, jasmine will not bloom;
- lack of nutrients;
- fungal disease or pest.
To help jasmine bloom, it is enough to determine the cause in time and return to normal conditions. If the ornamental vine is exposed to disease or pest attack, it will require the help of insecticides and fungicides.
A tropical, handsome jasmine in a room is a reason to be proud, especially if it blooms luxuriantly and for a long time. Since the recruit is sensitive to changing conditions, the appearance of buds is a long-awaited event. All the efforts of the florist will pay off when he feels the delicate aroma of jasmine in the apartment.
Mandatory care
In order for the garden to be decorated with fluffy, delightful jasmine, the plant requires regular care, namely:
- The first feeding must be done a year after planting the plant.
- For garden jasmine, manure and humus are necessary organic fertilizers. It should be borne in mind that fertilizing is carried out exclusively in water-diluted form in order to avoid burning of the root system.
- Emerging pruning should be carried out in the spring - during the vegetative state of the shrub.
- Long branches are cut off, and short ones are reduced by half. Every year, bushes are examined and damaged and diseased branches are removed.
The correct maintenance of home jasmine consists of bright, diffused lighting, consistent introduction of fertilizing into the soil, creation of high humidity, a six-month dormant period, and annual replanting of young and adult materials.
We recommend reading:
- Flowers for a flower bed blooming all summer until autumn: photo and name
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The temperature regime is no less important, because if the flower is in a too warm room, it will grow remarkably and increase its green mass.
However, such a plant will not bloom. Only systematic ventilation will help correct such an incident.
Botanical description
Indoor jasmine (Jasminum) is a climbing or erect shrub of the Olive family, distinguished by its unusually beautiful flowering among other indoor plants.
Grows in South America, Australia and the Mediterranean. The plant has many species - there are about 300 of them in total and can grow up to 4.5 meters in height.
Jasmine has thick, dark green leaves 3-5 cm long, which take on a variety of shapes - from straight to trifoliate. During flowering, each branch is decorated with buds, which, after opening, form large flowers of regular shape. The core of each flower is decorated with two stamens; the corolla can be yellow, white or reddish.
Over time, the flowers form fruits in the form of small berries.
In Muslim countries, jasmine is a sacred flower and is often used in religious ceremonies as decoration.
